Responses of the genetic diversity of forest communities to typhoon disturbances under the non-equilibrium canopy condition and development of their prediction
ブナ林の高木性の主要構成樹種であるブナ、ハウチワカエデ、イタヤカエデの稚樹群集の動態を解析した結果、三樹種全てにおいて台風撹乱の認められなかった期間に加入率が高くなった。このことから、台風撹乱の有無が稚樹サイズへの加入に影響を及ぼしていることが示唆された。コシアブラのマイクロサテライト遺伝マーカーを開発して集団内に弱い遺伝的構造を検出し、ギャップ形成にともなう遺伝的構造化が示唆された。集団内の雄性繁殖量の変異性と空間構造を同時に考慮に入れたシュミレーションモデルを構築して解析し、好適な光環境が繁殖個体の繁殖量の空間的なバラツキを増大させ、樹木集団の遺伝資源量の変動に影響を及ぼすことを示した。
The census of saplings were performed for Fagus crenata, Acer japonicum, and A. micranthum. The recruitment rates of the three species were higher in the period without typhoon disturbances compared to those with severe typhoon disturbances. This results suggested that the presence/absence of typhoon disturbance affects the recruitments of the sapling population. Microsatellite markers were developed for Chengiopanax sciadophylloides, which was applied in the 4-ha plot studied and a weak genetic structure could be found in the sapling population. This results coupled with the species regeneration mode suggested the genetic structuring related with gap formation. The simulation model, where the variance in male fecundity and its spatial configuration were simultaneously incorporated, suggested that male fecundities vary with spatially varying favorable light environments and thus affect the inter-annual variation of genetic resources in tree populations.
非平衡な林冠動態に対する森林群集の遺伝的多様性の応答機構の解明と予測技術の開発
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